RESUMO Este estudo avaliou o efeito agudo da suplementação (3g) de gengibre (Zingibir officinale) sobre o metabolismo. Foram medidos 12 homens universitários fisicamente ativos (22.8±3.3 anos; 79.4±12.5 kg; 1.8±0.1 m; 25.4±3.0 kg/m2; 16.9±3.1%BF). 3 horas após a suplementação (gengibre ou placebo) mediram-se (linha de base com duração de 30 min) a taxa metabólica de repouso (RMR), consumo de oxigênio (VO₂), dióxido de carbono (VCO₂), quociente respiratório (RQ), proteína (PRO), carboidrato (CHO) e oxidação de gordura, após, todos realizaram 30-min de exercício aeróbico (75%-85% da frequência cardíaca de reserva - RHR), ao final, foram repetidas as mesmas variáveis do pré-exercício por 60 min. Observou-se efeitos do momento de medida entre o repouso e pós exercício, onde as medidas obtidas no pós-exercício 1 (0-30 min) foram significativamente maiores (p≤0.001 para RMR; VO₂; VCO₂; PRO e CHO; p=0.001 para RQ; p=0.03 para oxidação de gordura) em comparação com momento de repouso e pós exercício 2 (30-60 min). Resultados similares foram observados no exercício para VO₂ (31.5±3.1 vs. 31.9±3.7 mL/kg/min; p=0.78) e equivalentes respiratórios para oxigênio (VE/VO2: 24.1±2.5 vs. 24.4±3.3; p=0.75) onde não houve diferença entre condições. Em conclusão, para o protocolo aplicado, a suplementação aguda de extrato de gengibre não produz efeito ergogênico metabólico.

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the acute effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) supplementation (3.0 g) on metabolism. For this, 12-male physically active college were measured (22.8±3.3 yrs.; 79.4±12.5 kg; 1.8±0.1 m; 25.4±3.0 kg/m2; 16.9±3.1 %BF). Three-hours after supplementation (ginger or placebo) (Baseline - lasting 30-min) the resting metabolic rate (RMR), oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), respiratory quotient (RQ) protein (PRO), carbohydrate (CHO), and fat oxidation were measured. All participants then performed 30-min of aerobic exercise (75-85 % of reserve heart rate - RHR). Finally, the same post-exercise variables for 60-min were measured. For the measures performed at rest and after exercise were observed effect of the moment of measurement, where the measures obtained at post-exercise 1 exercise (0-30 min) were significative higher (p≤0.001 for RMR; VO2; VCO2; PRO and CHO; p=0.001 for RQ; p=0.03 for FAT) in comparison to rest and post-exercise 2 (30-60 min) moments. Similar results were observed at the exercise for VO2 (31.5±3.1 vs. 31.9±3.7 mL/kg/min; p=0.78) and ventilatory equivalents for oxygen (VE/VO2: 24.1±2.5 vs. 24.4±3.3; p=0.75) where no differences were observed between conditions. In conclusion, for the applied protocol, acute ginger extract supplementation produced no metabolic ergogenic effect.

RESUMO Este estudo avaliou os efeitos da suplementação aguda de arginina (ARG) sobre a hipotensão pós-exercício (HPE). Para tal 12 jovens fisicamente ativos participaram deste ensaio clínico randomizado, duplo-cego cruzado. Todos foram submetidos a duas condições experimentais (ARG ou placebo - PLA). 45 minutos após a suplementação realizou-se 30 min de exercício aeróbico de intensidade moderada (70-75% da frequência cardíaca de reserva). A frequência cardíaca e as pressões arteriais sistólica e diastólica foram mensuradas antes, 30 e 60 minutos pós-exercício. Em comparação com os valores pré-exercício, ocorreu a redução de pressão arterial sistólica até 60 min pós-exercício (117,3±6,5 vs. 109,6±7,2 mmHg, p=0,001), redução da pressão arterial média (89,1±7,0 vs. 83,8±8,2 mmHg, p=0,024), aumento da frequência cardíaca (67,1±11,9 vs. 84,8±6,8 bpm, p=0,001) e do duplo produto (7988±1372 vs. 9734±990 mmHg.bpm, p=0,006) até 30 min pós-exercício. Porém, não houve diferença significante entre as condições experimentais. Mediante os métodos aplicados, os resultados demonstraram não haver efeito da suplementação aguda ARG sobre a HPE aeróbico em homens jovens fisicamente ativos.

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the effects of acute arginine supplementation (ARG) on post-exercise hypotension (HPE). For this, 12 physically active young men participated in this randomized, double-blind crossover clinical trial. All were submitted to two experimental conditions (ARG or placebo - PLA). 45 minutes after supplementation, all participants performed 30 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (70-75% of reserve heart rate). Heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured before, 30 and 60 minutes after exercise. In comparison with pre-exercise means, there was a lower systolic blood pressure until to 60 min post-exercise (117.3±6.5 vs. 109.6±7.2 mmHg, p=0.001), lower mean arterial blood pressure (89.1±7.0 vs. 83.8±8.2 mmHg, p=0.024), increased heart rate (67.1±11.9 vs. 84.8±6.8 bpm, p=0.001) and the double product (7988±1372 vs. 9734±990 mmHg.bpm, p=0.006) until 30 min post-exercise. However, there was no significant difference between experimental conditions. Using the methods applied, our results demonstrated that there was no effect of acute ARG supplementation on aerobic HPE in physically active young men.

Background: It is throughout childhood and adolescence that many behavior patterns which are going to have a powerful influence on health during adult life are established. This study is aimed at analysing the influence physical activity has on the health of adolescents and at determining the relationship thereof with blood pressure (BP) and body composition. Methods: The research was conducted from November 2002 to February 2003, using the Modifiable Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents, which measures the degree of physical activity. The anthropometric variables and blood pressure were also measured for the sample comprised of 554 adolescents within the 12-18 age range from 35 schools in Madrid. Results: A total of 13.2% of the males and 36.4% of the females were found to be inactive. The averages for the systolic/diastolic BP were 125.6/71.3 mmHg in the males and 118/69.4 mmHg in the females, but physical activity was found to have an influence solely on the diastolic BP for the males. A total of 48.27% of the females showed a tendency toward being overweight, as compared to 13.53% of the males. In the case of the females, a relationship was found to exist between body fat and degree of physical activity. Conclusions: The degree of physical activity shows itself to be a factor related to the health of adolescents, although taking on a different focus in each gender. Among the males, it has a significant bearing on the diastolic BP, whilst among the females, its influence is seen in the degree of body fat.

Fundamento: La creciente preocupación por la salud ha suscitado un enorme interés en el estudio de los factores que inciden sobre ella. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la influencia del nivel de actividad física (NAF) en la salud de los adolescentes y determinar su relación con la presión arterial (PA) y la composición corporal. Métodos: La investigación se realizó entre noviembre de 2002 y febrero de 2003 utilizando el Cuestionario Modificable de Actividad Física para Adolescentes que mide el nivel de actividad física. También se midieron la composición corporal y la presión arterial, en una muestra compuesta por 554 adolescentes de 35 centros educativos de Madrid, con edades comprendidas entre 12 y 18 años. Resultados: Resultaron inactivos el 13,2% de los varones y el 36,4% de las mujeres. Los promedios para las PA sistólica/diastólica fueron de 125,6/71,3 mmHg en los varones y 118/69,4 mmHg en las mujeres, pero sólo se detectó influencia del nivel de actividad física en la PA diastólica para los varones. Presentaron tendencia al sobrepeso el 48,27% de las mujeres frente al 13,53% de los hombres. En el caso de las mujeres se encontró relación entre adiposidad corporal y nivel de actividad física. Conclusiones: El nivel de actividad física se presenta como un factor asociado a la salud de los adolescentes, si bien se manifiesta de forma distinta en cada sexo. En los hombres afecta significativamente a la PA diastólica, mientras que en las mujeres su influencia se detecta en el grado de adiposidad corporal.

Background: It is throughout childhood and adolescence that many behavior patterns which are going to have a powerful influence on health during adult life are established. This study is aimed at analysing the influence physical activity has on the health of adolescents and at determining the relationship thereof with blood pressure (BP) and body composition. Methods: The research was conducted from November 2002 to February 2003, using the Modifiable Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents, which measures the degree of physical activity. The anthropometric variables and blood pressure were also measured for the sample comprised of 554 adolescents within the 12-18 age range from 35 schools in Madrid. Results: A total of 13.2% of the males and 36.4% of the females were found to be inactive. The averages for the systolic/diastolic BP were 125.6/71.3 mmHg in the males and 118/69.4 mmHg in the females, but physical activity was found to have an influence solely on the diastolic BP for the males. A total of 48.27% of the females showed a tendency toward being overweight, as compared to 13.53% of the males. In the case of the females, a relationship was found to exist between body fat and degree of physical activity. Conclusions: The degree of physical activity shows itself to be a factor related to the health of adolescents, although taking on a different focus in each gender. Among the males, it has a significant bearing on the diastolic BP, whilst among the females, its influence is seen in the degree of body fat.

Fundamento: La creciente preocupación por la salud ha suscitado un enorme interés en el estudio de los factores que inciden sobre ella. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la influencia del nivel de actividad física (NAF) en la salud de los adolescentes y determinar su relación con la presión arterial (PA) y la composición corporal. Métodos: La investigación se realizó entre noviembre de 2002 y febrero de 2003 utilizando el Cuestionario Modificable de Actividad Física para Adolescentes que mide el nivel de actividad física. También se midieron la composición corporal y la presión arterial, en una muestra compuesta por 554 adolescentes de 35 centros educativos de Madrid, con edades comprendidas entre 12 y 18 años. Resultados: Resultaron inactivos el 13,2% de los varones y el 36,4% de las mujeres. Los promedios para las PA sistólica/diastólica fueron de 125,6/71,3 mmHg en los varones y 118/69,4 mmHg en las mujeres, pero sólo se detectó influencia del nivel de actividad física en la PA diastólica para los varones. Presentaron tendencia al sobrepeso el 48,27% de las mujeres frente al 13,53% de los hombres. En el caso de las mujeres se encontró relación entre adiposidad corporal y nivel de actividad física. Conclusiones: El nivel de actividad física se presenta como un factor asociado a la salud de los adolescentes, si bien se manifiesta de forma distinta en cada sexo. En los hombres afecta significativamente a la PA diastólica, mientras que en las mujeres su influencia se detecta en el grado de adiposidad corporal.